Anatomical differences between Children and Adults
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Question 1 of 8
1. Question
Children’s anatomy differs from adults’ anatomy in four key areas:
CorrectIncorrectHint
Children’s anatomy differs from adults’ anatomy in four key areas:
- Airway
- Breathing
- Circulation
- Trauma
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Question 2 of 8
2. Question
Children’s heads are proportionately larger than those of adults, and can be more easily injured.
CorrectIncorrectHint
Unique Vulnerabilities of Children
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Question 3 of 8
3. Question
What is the average breathing rates for a child aged 1-8 years of age?
CorrectIncorrectHint
Acceptable ranges for physiological variables
Age Approximate Weight (kg) Systolic BP (mmHg) Heart Rate (Beats/minute) Respiratory Rate (Breaths/minute) Term 3.5
60-95
120-185
25-60
3 months 6
60-105
115-180
25-60
6 months 8
75-105
110-180
20-55
1 year 10
70-105
105-180
20-45
2 years 12
70-105
95-175
20-40
4 years 15
75-110
80-150
17-30
6 years 20
80-115
75-140
16-30
8 years 25
80-115
70-130
16-30
10 years 30
85-120
60-130
15-25
12 years 40
90-120
65-120
15-25
14 years 50
90-125
60-115
14-25
16 years 60
90-130
60-115
14-25
17+ years 65
90- 135
60-115
14-25
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Question 4 of 8
4. Question
What is the average heart rates for a child aged 1-8 years of age?
CorrectIncorrectHint
Acceptable ranges for physiological variables
Age Approximate Weight (kg) Systolic BP (mmHg) Heart Rate (Beats/minute) Respiratory Rate (Breaths/minute) Term 3.5
60-95
120-185
25-60
3 months 6
60-105
115-180
25-60
6 months 8
75-105
110-180
20-55
1 year 10
70-105
105-180
20-45
2 years 12
70-105
95-175
20-40
4 years 15
75-110
80-150
17-30
6 years 20
80-115
75-140
16-30
8 years 25
80-115
70-130
16-30
10 years 30
85-120
60-130
15-25
12 years 40
90-120
65-120
15-25
14 years 50
90-125
60-115
14-25
16 years 60
90-130
60-115
14-25
17+ years 65
90- 135
60-115
14-25
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Question 5 of 8
5. Question
What are the differences when performing CPR on an infant?
CorrectIncorrectHint
In children one to eight years of age, the head should only be given a half tilt backwards.
In infants, younger than one year of age, the head should be kept in a neutral position. DO NOT tilt the head.
For the movement of air from the nose and mouth against your cheek, and place your hand on the casualty’s chest to feel for the rise and fall
For an infant use only two fingers, index and middle finger over the infant’s sternum (breastbone) -
Question 6 of 8
6. Question
Children’s blood volume is much lower than that of adults, meaning that even a small amount of blood loss may be extremely significant for a child.
CorrectIncorrectHint
Children’s blood volume is much lower than that of adults, meaning that even a small amount of blood loss may be extremely significant for a child. The blood-loss measurements used to assess the level of damage in adults are not applicable to children. When examining a child, assess the amount of blood on the body and on the clothing, and bear in mind that even a small amount of blood loss can be significant in a small child.
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Question 7 of 8
7. Question
Why do we use the neutral head position for infants? (Two correct answers).
CorrectIncorrectHint
In infants, younger than one year of age, the head should be kept in a neutral position. DO NOT tilt the head
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Question 8 of 8
8. Question
When giving an infant breaths during CPR you must ensure their head is in what position?
CorrectIncorrectHint
If an unconscious casualty is not breathing normally after the airway has been opened and cleared, compressions must be given at a rate of nearly 2 per second. If there is still no signs of response begin rescue breathing. Rescue breathing is when the first aider delivers air/oxygen into the mouth of the casualty (mouth-to-mouth resuscitation). It is an effective way to provide oxygen to a non-breathing casualty.
In infants, younger than one year of age, the head should be kept in a neutral position. DO NOT tilt the head.
